Blasenspülung

Blasenspülung refers to the medical technique of irrigating the urinary bladder, commonly used to manage hematuria, remove clots, or maintain catheter patency. The procedure typically involves inserting a catheter with an additional irrigation lumen into the bladder, allowing a clear fluid, often saline, to be perfused and then drained. Fluids can be administered continuously or intermittently under controlled pressure, and the volume and rate are adjusted according to the clinical need.

Indications include acute microscopic or gross bleeding from the bladder, obstructive urinary disorders requiring clot removal, and prevention of catheter blockage in patients with urinary retention or bladder outlet obstruction. It is also employed during bladder surgeries or in cases of traumatic bladder injury to flush out debris and ensure clear visualization. Contraindications encompass active infections of the bladder wall, severe bladder diverticula, or other conditions that might worsen with increased intravesical pressure. Careful monitoring of fluid balance is essential to avoid electrolyte disturbances and fluid overload, particularly in patients with renal impairment.

The procedure is generally safe when performed under aseptic conditions. Potential complications are rare but may involve bladder irritation, post‑procedural infection, or haemorrhage. Alternatives include bladder washouts with different solutions, laser coagulation for vascular lesions, or surgical interventions in refractory cases. In all instances, the decision to use a bladder irrigation is guided by clinical assessment, patient status, and the balance between benefits and risks.