Biokompatibilinen

Biokompatibilinen is an adjective used in biomaterials and medical contexts to describe materials or devices that can exist in contact with living tissue with minimal adverse tissue reaction under defined conditions. The concept is central to the design and evaluation of implants, prosthetics, medical devices, and other interfaces between technology and the human body. Biokompatibilinen is not absolute: a material may be biokompatible for one application or duration of contact but not for another, depending on tissue type, exposure time, and administration route.

Assessment of biokompatibiliten involves a risk-based approach and standardized testing. International guidelines such as ISO 10993-1 outline a framework for evaluating biocompatibility, including tests for cytotoxicity, irritation or sensitization, systemic toxicity, genotoxicity, implantation effects, and hemocompatibility. Considerations also include potential leachables and extractables, sterilization impacts, and how surface chemistry, corrosion, and wear influence tissue response. In vitro studies, animal testing, and ultimately clinical data contribute to determining biokompatibility in a given application.

Applications span a broad range of biomedical materials, from orthopedic and dental implants to catheters, wound dressings, drug-delivery systems, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Biokompatibilinen also intersects with regulatory oversight, material science, and patient-specific factors, highlighting that successful biocompatibility depends on the complete context of use, including environment, duration, and biological complexity.