Betennelser

Betennelser, also known as inflammation, is a fundamental biological response of the body's immune system to harmful stimuli. These stimuli can include pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, damaged cells, or irritants. The primary purpose of inflammation is to protect the body by removing the cause of injury, clearing out dead and damaged cells and tissues, and initiating tissue repair.

The process of inflammation typically involves a cascade of physiological events. When a threat is detected, the affected area may experience redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor), and loss of function (functio laesa). These are the classic signs of acute inflammation, which is a short-term response. Blood vessels in the area dilate, increasing blood flow and bringing immune cells like white blood cells to the site. These immune cells then work to neutralize the threat and begin the healing process.

Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is a prolonged inflammatory response that can occur when the initial cause is not resolved or when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. This persistent inflammation can lead to significant tissue damage and is implicated in a wide range of chronic diseases, including arthritis, heart disease, and certain types of cancer. Understanding betennelser is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions, and treatments often focus on reducing inflammation to alleviate symptoms and prevent further damage.