Betalights

Betalights, also known as self-powered lighting devices or gas-filled lamps, are a type of cold cathode lighting that utilize a radioluminescent process. They contain a small amount of tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, which decays and emits beta particles. These beta particles strike a phosphorescent coating on the inside of a glass tube, causing the coating to glow. The intensity of the light produced is relatively low, making them suitable for applications where a subtle, long-lasting illumination is needed without an external power source.

The typical lifespan of a betalight is determined by the half-life of the tritium, which is approximately 12.3 years. Over time, the tritium decays, and the light output gradually diminishes. The manufacturing process involves filling glass vials with tritium gas and then coating the interior with a phosphor. These vials are then sealed and can be incorporated into various devices. Betalights are known for their reliability and ability to function in extreme conditions, including in the absence of oxygen or moisture.

Common applications for betalights include emergency exit signs, gun sights, watch dials, and instrument panels in aircraft and submarines. Their self-powered nature and long operational life make them a practical choice for situations where maintaining a power supply is difficult or impossible. They do not require batteries, wiring, or maintenance, offering a low-cost and dependable lighting solution for specific niche uses.