Bayerkuvioon

Bayerkuvioon, also known as the Bayer pattern, is a color filter array used in most digital image sensors to capture color information. It was developed by Bryce E. Bayer at Kodak in 1976 to enable color imaging with a single sensor by sampling each pixel for only one color and reconstructing the others through interpolation.

The array forms a repeating 2 by 2 tile containing two green filters, one red, and one blue (commonly referred to as RGGB). Because the human eye is most sensitive to green, the higher number of green samples provides higher perceived luminance resolution. In operation, the sensor records an intensity value at each pixel corresponding to its color filter; a demosaicing process then estimates the missing color channels for each pixel to yield a full-color image.

Common variations of the pattern exist due to manufacturing, notably RGGB with four pixels per tile; other arrangements such as BGGR, GBRG, and GRBG are sometimes found on sensors from different generations. While Bayer filtering is efficient, it introduces trade-offs such as color interpolation artifacts and reduced chroma resolution. Modern demosaicing algorithms mitigate these issues by using neighboring pixels, motion, and edge information. Some cameras employ advanced Bayer-based techniques like quad Bayer or pixel binning, which group four adjacent pixels to improve low-light performance or to create higher dynamic range images.