Balkanhalvøen

The Balkan Peninsula, often referred to as the Balkans, is a geographic and cultural region in Southeastern Europe. It is defined by its mountainous terrain and is bordered by the Adriatic Sea to the west, the Ionian Sea to the southwest, the Aegean Sea to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The northern boundary is less clearly defined, but often considered to be the Danube, Sava, and Kupa rivers.

Historically, the region has been a crossroads of civilizations, with influences from Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires. This has resulted in a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and religions, including Orthodox Christianity, Islam, and Catholicism. The complex political and ethnic history of the Balkans has also led to numerous conflicts and shifting borders throughout the centuries.

Countries commonly considered to be part of the Balkan Peninsula include Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia, as well as the European part of Turkey. However, the exact geographical and political definition of the Balkans can vary.

The region is characterized by diverse landscapes, from coastal areas and islands to rugged mountains and fertile plains. Its strategic location has made it a vital trade route and a point of geopolitical importance for millennia. The cultural heritage of the Balkans is a significant draw for tourism, offering a blend of ancient ruins, medieval monasteries, vibrant cities, and natural beauty.