Backboneverkoista
Backboneverkoista is the Finnish term for backbone networks in telecommunications. It denotes the high-capacity core networks that interconnect regional and access networks to form large-scale data networks, including parts of the Internet. These networks carry the bulk of inter-city and international traffic and are engineered for low latency, high reliability, and scalable bandwidth.
Core components include long-haul fiber-optic links, optical transport systems (such as dense wavelength-division multiplexing), and high-capacity
Backboneverkoista networks interconnect regional networks and Internet exchange points, enabling peering and transit arrangements that distribute
Deployment and governance involve telecom operators, wholesale network providers, and, in some cases, public agencies. Capacity
Current trends include open networking initiatives, increased use of SDN/NFV to virtualize core functions, and continued