BPlan

BPlan, short for Bebauungsplan, is a legally binding land-use plan in Germany, prepared by municipalities under the Baugesetzbuch (BauGB). It translates the general aims of the Flächennutzungsplan (FNP) into concrete development regulations for specific parcels or areas. A BPlan may be general for a neighborhood or Vorhabenbezogener (project-specific) for a single development.

The plan consists of a map and a written part. The map designates zoning (for example residential, mixed-use, commercial, special areas), building density and height, building lines, open spaces, green areas, roads and parking, and sometimes design requirements. The written text provides the legal framework, objectives, and any exceptions or conditions.

The planning process begins with planning for the area, followed by drafting the plan, public display and opportunities for objections (Auslegung). Public authorities and residents may comment; environmental protection, traffic, and public interests are weighed. After considering objections, the municipal council adopts the plan. Once adopted, it is binding on landowners and determines permit decisions for construction. A BPlan remains in force until amended or repealed.

There are two main forms: a standard BPlan covering a wider area, and a Vorhabenbezogener BPlan tied to a specific project, which may include phasing and conditions linked to that project. In conjunction with the FNP, the BPlan shapes land use and urban form while balancing development needs with environmental and public interests.