B6hiány

B6hiány, or vitamin B6 deficiency, occurs when the body lacks sufficient amounts of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic processes. Vitamin B6 plays a crucial role in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis (such as serotonin and dopamine), red blood cell formation, and the maintenance of the immune system. A deficiency can arise due to inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption issues, increased metabolic demands, or certain medications and medical conditions that interfere with vitamin B6 absorption or utilization.

Common symptoms of vitamin B6 deficiency may include fatigue, weakness, irritability, depression, confusion, and neurological symptoms such as peripheral neuropathy (tingling or numbness in the hands and feet). Severe deficiency can lead to anemia, particularly microcytic anemia, due to impaired hemoglobin synthesis. In infants, deficiency may cause seizures or developmental delays. However, symptoms can be subtle, and mild deficiencies may go unnoticed for extended periods.

Dietary sources rich in vitamin B6 include poultry (such as chicken and turkey), fish (like salmon and tuna), potatoes, bananas, chickpeas, and fortified cereals. The recommended daily intake varies by age and gender, with adults typically requiring 1.3–1.7 milligrams per day. Deficiency can often be corrected through dietary changes or supplementation, though severe cases may require medical intervention.

Certain populations are at higher risk of deficiency, including individuals with alcohol use disorder, those with chronic kidney disease, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and people taking medications like isoniazid (used to treat tuberculosis) or certain chemotherapy drugs. Long-term use of oral contraceptives or corticosteroids may also contribute to reduced vitamin B6 levels. Regular medical check-ups and a balanced diet can help prevent or address deficiencies before they lead to more serious health complications.