Aðallefni

Aðallefni is the Icelandic term for the core subject areas of the compulsory school curriculum. The word combines aðal, meaning main, with efni, meaning subject matter or content, reflecting its role as the foundational body of knowledge for all students.

In the Icelandic education system, aðallefni are the subjects designated as compulsory in primary and lower secondary education. They establish a common foundation of literacy, numeracy, scientific literacy, social understanding, and other essential competencies. The exact composition and allocation of teaching time are defined by the national curriculum guidelines and implemented by municipalities and individual schools. Typical core areas include language and literacy, mathematics, natural sciences, and social studies; foreign languages, physical education, and the arts are commonly included as part of the core framework as well, though specifics can vary.

Purpose and assessment in aðallefni are to ensure all students reach a baseline level of knowledge and skills. Teaching in these core subjects is designed to be coherent across years, with progression aligned to national standards. Assessments typically focus on outcomes within these areas, while schools may also incorporate cross-curricular projects and integrated learning to develop broader competencies such as critical thinking and collaboration.

Electives and optional subjects supplement aðallefni, allowing students to pursue interests beyond the core. The balance between core and elective offerings varies by grade and school, but the core provides a common educational foundation that supports further education and workforce readiness.