Autotransplantatsiooni

Autotransplantatsiooni refers to the surgical procedure of moving tissue or an organ from one location in the body to another location within the same individual. This technique is a form of transplantation, distinguished by the fact that the donor and recipient are the same person, thus eliminating the risk of immune rejection that is inherent in allogeneic or xenogeneic transplants.

The primary goal of autotransplantation is to preserve the function of a removed organ or tissue by re-implanting it in a more advantageous position or to replace damaged tissue with healthy tissue from elsewhere in the body. Common applications include the transplantation of teeth, where a tooth removed due to damage or infection can be reimplanted in the same socket or a different one. In reconstructive surgery, skin grafts taken from one part of the body are used to cover defects in another. Autotransplantation is also employed in procedures involving blood vessels, nerves, and sometimes organs like the kidney or bladder when it is necessary to remove them temporarily for treatment or to relocate them for functional or anatomical reasons.

The success of autotransplantation depends on the viability of the transplanted tissue or organ and the ability to re-establish adequate blood supply and nerve connections. While it bypasses immunological issues, factors such as surgical technique, the condition of the donor tissue, and the recipient site's healing capacity are crucial for a favorable outcome. This method is considered a valuable tool in various surgical specialties for restoring form and function.