Autonomía

Autonomía refers to the capacity for self-governance, independence, or self-determination of a person, group, or system. The term derives from Greek autonomia, from autos (self) and nomos (law), and is used across disciplines to describe freedom from external control and the ability to set and pursue one’s own goals.

In ethics and philosophy, autonomy denotes the capacity to reflect on one’s values, make reasoned judgments, and act in accordance with them. It is closely linked to informed consent, freedom from coercion, and moral responsibility.

In political science, autonomy concerns self-government within a larger political unit. Autonomous regions or communities have powers to legislate or administer certain areas while remaining under the sovereignty of a central authority. Autonomy is often linked to constitutional guarantees and devolution.

In technology and management, autonomy describes systems and organizations that operate with minimal human intervention. Autonomous vehicles, robots, and AI agents carry out tasks based on sensors and algorithms, raising questions about safety, accountability, and governance.

In social policy and healthcare, autonomy emphasizes the right to make informed personal decisions, such as medical treatment choices, balancing respect for self-determination with other ethical considerations.