Atractaspis

Atractaspis is a genus of venomous snakes commonly known as burrowing vipers or mole vipers. These snakes are found in Africa and the Middle East. They are characterized by their relatively small size, stout bodies, and strikingly patterned scales, which can vary widely among species. Atractaspis species are adapted for a fossorial lifestyle, meaning they spend most of their time underground. Their heads are typically small and wedge-shaped, ideal for burrowing through soil and leaf litter. Their eyes are also small, reflecting their subterranean existence and reduced reliance on vision.

The venom of Atractaspis snakes is a subject of ongoing research. While generally considered to be neurotoxic, its specific effects and potency can vary between species. Bites from these snakes are rare due to their secretive nature and preference for remote habitats. However, when they do occur, medical attention is advised. Atractaspis snakes are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. Their diet primarily consists of small vertebrates such as lizards, amphibians, and occasionally small mammals. Their conservation status varies depending on the specific species and their distribution, with some facing threats from habitat loss and degradation.