AtTuraif

AtTuraif is a historical archaeological site located in Diriyah, Saudi Arabia, on the outskirts of Riyadh. It is recognized as one of the most significant historical sites in the Kingdom and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010. The site served as the original home of the Saudi royal family and the capital of the First Saudi State, which existed from the mid-18th century to 1818.

The ruins of AtTuraif showcase traditional Najdi architecture, characterized by its mud-brick construction, intricate carvings, and distinctive courtyard designs. The settlement was strategically built along Wadi Hanifah, a vital river valley that provided water and resources. The layout of AtTuraif reflects a complex urban planning system, with residential areas, marketplaces, mosques, and fortifications. Key structures include the Salwa Palace, the Grand Mosque, and various administrative buildings, all of which offer insights into the social, political, and economic life of the First Saudi State.

The historical significance of AtTuraif lies in its role as the birthplace of the Saudi state and the seat of its early rulers. It was a center of religious and political power, and its influence extended across much of the Arabian Peninsula. The site was largely destroyed during the Ottoman-Egyptian invasion in 1818, but its remains have been preserved, offering a tangible connection to Saudi Arabia's foundational history. Extensive restoration and preservation efforts have been undertaken to protect and interpret the site, making it a popular destination for tourists and researchers interested in Saudi heritage. The ongoing development of the Diriyah area aims to enhance the visitor experience while maintaining the integrity of this important historical landmark.