Arthrotec

Arthrotec is a brand-name medication that combines diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue. It is used to relieve pain and inflammation in adults with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis when NSAID therapy is appropriate but there is a concern about NSAID-related gastric ulcers.

The intended effect of Arthrotec stems from the actions of its two components: diclofenac provides analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2), while misoprostol helps protect the gastric mucosa by replenishing prostaglandins reduced by NSAID use. This combination aims to reduce the risk of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers compared with diclofenac alone, though it does not eliminate GI risk entirely.

Typical formulations pair diclofenac 50 or 75 mg with misoprostol 200 micrograms per tablet. Dosing commonly involves taking one tablet with meals, twice daily, but regimens may vary by country and medical guidance.

Contraindications include pregnancy and lactation, since misoprostol can induce uterine contractions and abortion. Arthrotec is also avoided in individuals with active gastrointestinal ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, significant hepatic or renal impairment, or certain cardiovascular conditions. Common side effects involve the gastrointestinal system (dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea) and include NSAID-related risks such as GI bleeding, ulceration, kidney injury, and cardiovascular events. Drug interactions may heighten GI risk when used with other NSAIDs, corticosteroids, anticoagulants, or alcohol.

Availability varies by region, and some markets may offer generic diclofenac/misoprostol combinations. Always consult a healthcare professional for personal risks and dosing.