Arseenimyrkytys

Arseenimyrkytys, also known as arsenic poisoning, is a condition resulting from the ingestion, inhalation, or absorption of arsenic, a highly toxic metalloid. Arsenic is naturally found in the environment and can also be present in certain foods, water, and industrial products. It is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer due to its strong association with cancer.

The primary sources of arsenic exposure include contaminated drinking water, particularly in regions with high levels of arsenic in the soil, such as parts of Asia and South America. Other sources include certain foods like seafood, rice, and poultry, which can accumulate arsenic from the environment. Industrial exposure can occur through the handling of arsenic compounds in manufacturing processes.

Symptoms of arsenic poisoning can vary depending on the dose and route of exposure. Acute exposure may cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Chronic exposure can lead to more severe health issues, including skin lesions, peripheral neuropathy, and in severe cases, internal organ damage and cancer.

Treatment for arsenic poisoning depends on the severity and duration of exposure. In cases of acute poisoning, supportive care such as activated charcoal to prevent absorption and gastrointestinal decontamination may be administered. For chronic exposure, medical management may include chelation therapy to remove arsenic from the body, although the effectiveness of this treatment is limited.

Prevention of arsenic poisoning involves reducing exposure through safe water sources, proper food handling practices, and avoiding contact with industrial arsenic compounds. Regular monitoring of water quality and public health campaigns can also help mitigate the risk of arsenic exposure in affected regions.