Aromataasinestäjät

Aromataasinestäjät are a class of drugs used in the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. They work by blocking the action of the enzyme aromatase, which is responsible for converting androgens into estrogens. Estrogen can stimulate the growth of certain types of breast cancer. By reducing estrogen levels, aromatase inhibitors help to slow or stop the growth of these tumors.

There are two main types of aromatase inhibitors: steroidal and non-steroidal. Steroidal aromatase inhibitors, such as exemestane, irreversibly bind to and inactivate aromatase. Non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors, like anastrozole and letrozole, reversibly bind to aromatase, preventing it from producing estrogen. The choice of aromatase inhibitor often depends on individual patient factors and physician preference.

Aromatase inhibitors are typically taken orally, usually once a day. They are generally well-tolerated, but can cause side effects such as hot flashes, joint pain (arthralgia), fatigue, and bone loss (osteoporosis). Regular monitoring of bone density may be recommended. These medications are a cornerstone of treatment for many women with early-stage and advanced hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer, often used after or in conjunction with other therapies like tamoxifen. Their effectiveness has significantly improved outcomes for this patient population.