Apostel

Apostel is the Dutch term for an apostle, a messenger or envoy in religious contexts. The word derives from the Greek apostolos, meaning “one who is sent.” In Christian usage, an apostle is a person commissioned to preach, teach, and establish a church or community of believers.

In Christian tradition, the Twelve Apostles were selected by Jesus to be his closest messengers and leaders. The group traditionally includes Peter, James, John, Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, Judas Thaddaeus, and Judas Iscariot, who was replaced by Matthias after the betrayal. The Apostle Paul is also widely regarded as an apostle, though he was not among the original twelve; he is often described as an Apostle to the Gentiles.

Role and significance: apostles are envisioned as authorities who proclaim the gospel, teach, baptize, and lay the foundations of the church. In some Christian traditions, the concept of apostolic succession connects contemporary church leadership to the original apostles through ordination and lineage. The term also appears in broader New Testament usage to describe early Christian missionaries and influential church leaders.

Variations in usage: in Pentecostal and some charismatic churches, “apostle” is used as a formal church office or title for leaders with particular oversight over multiple congregations. In other traditions, the term emphasizes mission and proclamation rather than a fixed hierarchical position. The Dutch term apostel therefore encompasses both historical and contemporary meanings within Christian contexts.