Antisialogogue

Antisialogogue is a term used to describe a substance or medication that reduces the flow of saliva. This reduction in saliva production is often referred to as xerostomia or dry mouth. Antisialogogues work by inhibiting the action of the parasympathetic nervous system, which plays a role in stimulating salivary glands. By blocking the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, these agents decrease the glandular secretions.

Historically, certain plant-derived compounds with anticholinergic properties were used as antisialogogues. In modern medicine, several prescription and over-the-counter medications can have antisialogogue effects as a side effect. Examples include some antihistamines, antidepressants, and medications used to treat Parkinson's disease. These drugs are not typically prescribed specifically for their antisialogogue properties but rather for their primary therapeutic purpose, with dry mouth being a recognized adverse effect.

The use of antisialogogues can be beneficial in specific medical contexts, such as reducing excessive salivation (sialorrhea) associated with certain neurological conditions or as a side effect of some medications. However, prolonged or excessive reduction of saliva can have negative consequences, including increased risk of dental caries, difficulty with swallowing and speaking, and altered taste perception. Therefore, the use of antisialogogues should be managed by a healthcare professional.