Anlaufen

Anlaufen is a German verb with several related meanings centered on the idea of beginning to move toward something or starting a process. The prefix an- signals proximity or initiation, combined with laufen (to run or move).

In engineering and industry, anlaufen refers to the initial phase during which a machine or component begins to operate and mating surfaces wear to fit each other. The term is sometimes used interchangeably with einlaufen, though in some contexts the latter is more common for wear-in. The noun Anlauf denotes the start-up, and Anlaufphase or Anlaufzeit describe the run-in period or the time required to reach normal performance. Example: Nach dem Neustart läuft der Generator langsam an.

In maritime usage, anlaufen describes a vessel approaching a harbor, coastline, or target area. A ship läuf t in den Hafen an, meaning it is coming in to port or approaching the harbor.

In everyday language, the expression einen Anlauf nehmen means to make an initial attempt or to have a go at something. This sense is common in sports, politics, and project work, where a first attempt is followed by assessment and adjustment.

The noun Anlauf also appears in phrases such as der erste Anlauf (the first attempt) and der Anlaufort (the starting point of an effort or process). Related terms include Einlaufen (often used for the wear-in of machinery or for ships entering a port) and Anlaufphase (the period of initial operation).