Anatómia
Anatómia is the branch of biology that studies the structure of living organisms. It investigates the form, relationships, and organization of parts from the macro to the microscopic level. In humans, anatomy is commonly divided into gross (macroscopic) anatomy, histology (microanatomy), embryology, and comparative anatomy. Gross anatomy examines organs and systems visible without a microscope; histology studies tissues at the cellular level; embryology concerns development from fertilization through fetal stages. Comparative anatomy compares anatomical features across species to understand function and evolutionary relationships.
Anatómia relies on methods such as dissection, imaging (MRI, CT, X-ray, ultrasound), endoscopy, and histological preparation.
Historically, anatomy has ancient roots in early civilizations. Anatomists documented observations through dissection, with Galen and
In medicine, anatomical knowledge underpins diagnosis, surgical planning, radiology, and physical therapy. In education, anatomy is
Beyond humans, anatomy also includes veterinary and plant anatomy, and comparative anatomy across taxa. The field