Anatomifysiologi

Anatomifysiologi is the study of the structure and function of living organisms, with emphasis on humans in medical contexts. It combines anatomy, the study of form and organization, and physiology, the study of function and processes, to explain how body parts are built and how they work together to sustain life. The field spans multiple levels of organization, from cells and tissues to organs, organ systems, and whole organisms, and it includes comparative perspectives across species.

Key topics include cellular biology; tissue types such as epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue; and the anatomy and physiology of organ systems, including skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, digestive, endocrine, urinary, reproductive, immune, and integumentary systems. Neurophysiology, cardiopulmonary physiology, renal physiology, and metabolic regulation illustrate how signals and processes maintain homeostasis through feedback and hormonal control.

Methods used to study anatomifysiologi include dissection and microscopic examination, imaging techniques such as MRI and CT, endoscopic procedures, histology, electrophysiology, and functional testing of organs and systems. The discipline underpins medical education, nursing, physiotherapy, and sport science, informing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.

Historically, anatomifysiologi emerged from ancient anatomical studies and matured through figures such as Vesalius and Bernard, with the concept of homeostasis elaborated by Cannon. Today, it integrates with fields like pathology, biophysics, and computational biology to model how structure and function interact in health and disease.