Algarve

The Algarve is the southernmost region of Portugal, located along the Atlantic coast between the Alentejo region to the north and the sea to the west and south. The regional capital is Faro, and the area is divided into 16 municipalities, including Albufeira, Lagos, Portimão, Silves, Tavira, and Loulé.

Geography and environment: The coastline features cliffs, coves, and long beaches, while inland the Serra de Monchique rises from the interior. The Ria Formosa lagoon system near Faro is an important protected area, and the Guadiana River forms part of the border with Spain. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and mild winters moderated by sea breezes.

History and culture: The name Algarve derives from the Arabic al-Gharb, meaning “the West,” reflecting Moorish influence. The region became part of Portugal in the 12th–13th centuries. Today it is known as a tourist destination with historic towns such as Silves and Lagos, which preserve medieval fortifications and churches.

Economy and society: Tourism is the dominant economic activity, supported by hospitality, services, and golf courses. The region also has fishing and agriculture, including citrus fruits and vegetables. The population swells in summer, with many seasonal residents and visitors, particularly from the United Kingdom, Germany, and the Netherlands.

Transport and notes: Faro Airport is the principal international gateway. The main coastal road network includes the A22 motorway, often called the Via do Infante. Algarve cuisine emphasizes seafood and regional dishes such as cataplana and piri-piri chicken.