Akkompagnement

Akkompagnement refers to the musical part that accompanies a melody, voice, or solo instrument. It provides harmony, rhythm, and texture to support the lead part, and can be performed by a single instrument, most commonly piano, or by a larger ensemble, such as a chamber group, orchestra, or band.

It has a central role in classical recitals and art songs, where the pianist or instrumentalist complements a singer; in Baroque and later practice, the concept evolved from continuo realization to fully written or improvised accompaniment. In jazz and popular music, the accompaniment emphasizes flexible rhythm and harmony, often through chords, rhythmic patterns, and interaction with the soloist.

Techniques include balancing dynamic levels, voicing chords to keep the melody prominent, and adjusting texture; accompanists follow tempo and phrasing, provide cues, and support expressive timing including rubato. In jazz, comping emphasizes syncopation and conversational interplay.

Notation and performance practice: accompaniment parts are typically written on separate staves or provided as leadsheets; in informal settings, accompaniment may be improvised. The term and practice underline collaboration between lead performers and accompanying players, shaping the performance's mood and energy.