Adwokatura

Adwokatura is the term used for the professional community and regulatory framework of advocates (adwokaci) in Poland. It denotes both the body of individuals who practice advocacy and the organized institutions that govern the profession, uphold ethical standards, and supervise admission and discipline. The adwokatura operates with a view to ensuring independent and competent legal representation for clients and to preserving the rule of law within the judiciary.

The governance of the adwokatura is organized as a system of professional self-government. The central coordinating body is the Naczelna Rada Adwokacka (National Bar Council), which sets professional standards, oversees continuing education, handles disciplinary matters, and coordinates with the state on matters affecting the profession. Regional and local interests are represented by Izby Adwokackie (Chambers of Advocates), which manage local admission, licensing, and regulatory activities in their territories. The adwokatura maintains its own ethical rules and professional code, and it operates independently from political authorities to safeguard client confidentiality, independence, and the integrity of legal practice.

Admission to the adwokatura typically requires a law degree, followed by a period of practical training known as the aplikacja adwokacka (admission apprenticeship) under the supervision of experienced adwokaci, and the successful completion of a professional examination. Upon passing, new advocates join the adwokatura and acquire the right to practice law, represent clients in court, draft legal documents, and provide legal advice.

The adwokatura also engages in activities beyond representation, including legal aid, pro bono work, and participation in international bar networks. It interacts with state institutions to support the development of the legal system while maintaining professional independence.