Administrationswerkzeugen

Administration is the process of organizing people, resources, and procedures to achieve defined objectives. It encompasses planning, coordination, and control, and is often distinguished from execution in that it focuses on policy, governance, and resource allocation rather than day-to-day operations.

The term is used across contexts. In public administration, it refers to implementing laws and delivering public services through government agencies. In corporate or private administration, it concerns the management of internal processes, governance structures, and support functions that enable operations and strategy.

Common functions include setting objectives, designing structures, budgeting, staffing, directing activities, monitoring performance, and ensuring compliance with laws and policies. Key components include organizational structure, human resources, information systems, and administrative procedures.

Specialized forms include system administration in information technology, which focuses on maintaining computer systems and networks; school administration dealing with educational institutions; and hospital or healthcare administration overseeing clinical operations and resource management.

Historical foundations trace to early modern management theories, such as Fayol’s five functions (planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling) and Weberian bureaucracy, which emphasized formal rules and hierarchical authority. Contemporary administration emphasizes accountability, transparency, and efficiency, often under the influence of digital governance and data-driven decision making.