Acaris

Acaris is a genus of roundworms belonging to the phylum Nematoda. These are parasitic organisms that primarily infect the intestines of mammals, including humans. The most well-known species within this genus is Ascaris lumbricoides, often referred to as the giant intestinal roundworm.

Ascaris infections, known as ascariasis, are widespread globally, particularly in regions with poor sanitation. Transmission typically occurs through the ingestion of eggs present in contaminated soil, food, or water. Once ingested, the larvae hatch in the intestine, penetrate the intestinal wall, and travel through the bloodstream to the lungs. They then migrate up the respiratory tract, are swallowed again, and mature into adult worms in the small intestine.

Adult Ascaris worms can grow quite large, with females reaching up to 35 cm in length. They reproduce in the host's intestine, and fertilized eggs are passed in the feces. These eggs can survive in the environment for extended periods, perpetuating the infection cycle. Symptoms of ascariasis can vary depending on the worm burden and the stage of infection. They may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and in heavy infections, malnutrition and intestinal obstruction. Diagnosis is usually made by identifying eggs in stool samples. Treatment typically involves antiparasitic medications.