ACotsustusmootorid

ACotsustusmootorid, also known as AC induction motors, are a type of electric motor that operate on alternating current (AC). They are the most common type of motor used in industrial and domestic applications due to their robustness, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. The fundamental principle behind their operation is electromagnetic induction.

An AC induction motor consists of two main parts: the stator and the rotor. The stator is the stationary outer part and contains a series of windings that are energized by an AC power supply. This creates a rotating magnetic field within the stator. The rotor is the rotating inner part and typically consists of a cylindrical core with conductive bars embedded in it, forming a "squirrel cage" rotor, or it can have windings for wound-rotor types.

As the rotating magnetic field from the stator sweeps across the rotor bars, it induces a current in them. This induced current creates its own magnetic field in the rotor. The interaction between the stator's rotating magnetic field and the rotor's induced magnetic field generates a torque, causing the rotor to spin. The rotor always spins at a slightly slower speed than the rotating magnetic field, a phenomenon known as "slip," which is essential for induction to occur.

AC induction motors can be further categorized into single-phase and three-phase motors. Three-phase motors are generally more efficient and powerful, making them ideal for heavy-duty industrial machinery. Single-phase motors are commonly found in household appliances and smaller tools, often requiring a starting mechanism to create an initial rotating magnetic field. Their simplicity, low maintenance requirements, and long operational life have made AC induction motors a ubiquitous technology in modern society.