868MHz

868 MHz refers to a specific radio frequency within the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band. This frequency range is widely used for various wireless communication applications, particularly in Europe. It falls within the license-free ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band, meaning devices operating at this frequency generally do not require specific operating licenses, making it popular for consumer and commercial products.

One of the primary uses of the 868 MHz frequency is for short-range wireless devices. This includes applications like remote controls, wireless sensors, home automation systems, and wireless alarm systems. Its relatively longer wavelength compared to higher frequencies allows it to penetrate obstacles like walls and other structures more effectively, which is beneficial for indoor and urban environments.

Several communication protocols utilize the 868 MHz band. Examples include proprietary protocols developed by manufacturers as well as standardized ones like LoRa (Long Range) for low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs). The choice of protocol influences factors such as data rate, range, and power consumption. The specific sub-bands within 868 MHz are allocated for different purposes to avoid interference and ensure efficient use of the spectrum.