49Ti

49Ti is an isotope of titanium with atomic number 22 and mass number 49. It is a radioactive nuclide and does not occur naturally in appreciable quantities; it must be produced in nuclear reactions, typically in experimental facilities.

The primary decay mode of 49Ti is beta minus decay to 49Sc (scandium-49). Because 49Ti is neutron-rich relative to stability, beta decay converts a neutron into a proton, moving toward a more stable nuclide. The half-life is short—measured values place it on the order of minutes—making 49Ti a short-lived isotope. The decay process often accompanies gamma emissions from excited states of the daughter nucleus, which are used in nuclear spectroscopy.

Production and observation methods include neutron capture on 48Ti, proton or light-ion induced reactions on titanium targets, and projectile fragmentation in high-energy nuclear facilities. Such production allows researchers to study the structure of nuclei near stability and to test nuclear models, particularly in the region around titanium and scandium.

Nuclear properties beyond decay, such as precise spin, parity, and energy levels, have been investigated in various experiments, but some data remain uncertain or are model-dependent. Mass measurements and reaction studies contribute to a broader understanding of titanium isotopes and their neighbors.

Natural occurrence: 49Ti does not contribute to natural titanium reservoirs and has no established commercial applications. It serves primarily as a subject in fundamental nuclear physics research and in the calibration of detectors in isotope studies.

See also: Isotopes of titanium, Beta decay, Nuclear spectroscopy.