4011

4011 refers to a quad 2-input NAND gate integrated circuit in the 4000 CMOS logic family. It contains four independent NAND gates in a single 14-pin package. Each gate implements the logic function Y = not (A and B): the output is low only when both inputs are high; otherwise the output is high. The 4011 is commonly available as CD4011 or 4011B and is widely used in digital electronics for building complex logic circuits from simple building blocks.

Pinout and packaging: In a standard 14-pin DIP, VDD is pin 14 and VSS (ground) is pin 7. The four NAND gates are arranged as follows: Gate 1 uses inputs A1 at pin 1 and B1 at pin 2 with output Y1 at pin 3; Gate 2 uses A2 at pin 4, B2 at pin 5 with output Y2 at pin 6; Gate 3 uses A3 at pin 8, B3 at pin 9 with output Y3 at pin 10; Gate 4 uses A4 at pins 11 and 12 with output Y4 at pin 13.

Electrical characteristics and handling: The device operates over a wide supply range, typically from 3 to 18 volts, with 5 volts being common in many applications. Inputs are CMOS high-impedance, and outputs can drive modest loads. The IC consumes low static current when not switching. Decoupling and proper grounding are recommended, and unused inputs should be connected to defined logic levels to avoid noise or oscillation.

Applications and variants: The 4011 is a versatile building block for digital logic, enabling implementation of any Boolean function through combinations of NAND gates. It appears in numerous educational kits and hobbyist projects as well as professional designs. Variants and equivalents include CD4011, 74HC4011, and 74HCT4011, offering different speed and input-threshold characteristics within the same basic NAND gate quad structure.