3Dtulosteina

3Dtulosteina, or 3D printing, is the process of producing physical objects from digital models by building material in successive layers. In Finnish usage the workflow typically starts with designing a model in CAD, exporting to a printable format such as STL, and using a slicer to generate layers and toolpaths for the printer.

The main technologies include fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), and selective laser sintering (SLS). FDM deposits thermoplastic filament, SLA cures liquid resin with light, and SLS sinters powder with a laser. Common materials are PLA, ABS, PETG, nylon, and resins; some systems also use metals or composites.

Applications span rapid prototyping, product development, engineering and architectural models, medical and dental models, educational kits, and hobby projects. Advantages are fast iteration, customization, and the ability to create complex geometries. Limitations include surface finish, accuracy, print speed, build size, material properties, and post-processing needs such as support removal and curing.

Safety considerations include ventilation for fumes when using certain plastics, careful handling of uncured resins, and stabilizing builds to prevent failures. Environmental aspects involve energy use and material waste, with varying recyclability by material.

Overall, 3D printing is a rapidly evolving field that broadens access to personalized manufacturing for industry, education, and individuals.