3231

3231 is a natural number that follows 3230 and precedes 3232. In decimal notation it is written as 3231.

In mathematics, 3231 is an odd composite number. Its prime factorization is 3^2 × 359, where 359 is a prime. Accordingly, 3231 has three prime factors counting multiplicity, making it a 3-almost prime. The sum of its digits is 9, so the number is divisible by 9 and by 3; indeed 3231 = 9 × 359. As a base-10 integer, it is a Harshad (Niven) number because it is divisible by the sum of its digits (9).

Representations: in binary, 3231 is 110010011111; in octal, it is 6237; in hexadecimal, it is C9F. In Roman numerals, 3231 is MMMCCXXXI. These representations reflect the same value across common numeral systems.

Uses and context: as a stand-alone integer, 3231 appears in mathematical discussions of factorization, modular arithmetic and number representations. It may also be encountered as a year designation in the Common Era when considering far-future chronology. There are no widely known constants, theorems, or named mathematical objects uniquely associated with the number 3231.