1d6

1d6 is a dice notation used to indicate rolling a single six-sided die. A standard d6 has six faces labeled with the integers 1 through 6. In many traditional dice sets, opposite faces sum to seven.

Because each face is equally likely, a 1d6 roll has a uniform discrete distribution with probability 1/6 for each value. The expected value is (1+6)/2 = 3.5. The variance for a fair d6 is (6^2−1)/12 = 35/12, and the standard deviation is approximately 1.708.

In games, 1d6 is used to resolve outcomes, determine damage for small weapons, or provide random numbers when only a small range is needed. It is common to roll multiple d6s (for example 2d6 or 3d6) to increase variability and produce sums with a distribution nearer to a normal curve. 1d6 is also part of many dice pools and is frequently included in beginner dice sets for tabletop role-playing games and board games.

Historically, dice with six faces date back to ancient civilizations, with early dice carved from bone, stone, or clay. Modern manufactured dice follow standardized shapes and pips, and the d6 is among the most widely produced dice in the world.