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1930–1969 refers to a historical span roughly from the early 1930s, amid the Great Depression, to the late 1960s. It is used to describe a period marked by political upheaval, rapid technological change, and social transformation that shaped the modern world. The decade of the 1930s saw widespread economic distress and policy experimentation, with many countries implementing public works, welfare programs, and financial reforms to recover from the downturn.

World War II (1939–1945) was the defining conflict of the era, leading to extensive mobilization, significant geopolitical realignments, and the establishment of international institutions such as the United Nations. The postwar years saw reconstruction, decolonization, and the emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as rival superpowers in a bipolar Cold War system.

Advances in science and technology accelerated during this period, including aviation, nuclear power, computers, and the space program. The 1950s and 1960s also witnessed rapid urbanization, consumer culture, and mass media expansion, transforming everyday life.

Social and political movements challenged established hierarchies: decolonization across Africa and Asia, civil rights and feminist activism in the United States and elsewhere, and broader student and countercultural movements in the later 1960s.

End points are debated among historians, but 1969 is commonly cited as a symbolic close to this era, highlighted by milestones such as the Apollo 11 Moon landing and continuing global shifts that defined the following decades.