19121945

The designation 1912–1945 refers to a historical interval spanning from the year 1912 to 1945. This period includes the late prewar era, World War I, the interwar years, the Great Depression, and World War II, ending with the postwar reorganization of international politics.

Key events of this span include World War I (1914–1918), the collapse of several empires, and the 1917 Russian Revolution, followed by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. The interwar years were marked by political instability, economic volatility, and the rise of new ideologies, including fascism in parts of Europe, militarism in parts of Asia, and various communist movements. The era also saw social transformations such as expanding suffrage, shifts in labor relations, and urbanization.

Economic waves and political tensions culminated in the Great Depression of the 1930s, which intensified nationalist movements and rearranged international relations. The global conflict ended with World War II in 1945, leaving widespread devastation but also catalyzing structural changes in politics, technology, and society. The war's aftermath significantly altered national borders and power dynamics.

The end of 1945 marked the onset of a new international order. The United Nations was established to promote cooperation and prevent future conflicts, while the Bretton Woods system laid foundations for postwar economic institutions. The 1912–1945 interval is often viewed as a transformative era that reshaped governance, international relations, and the geopolitical landscape for decades to come.