1377

1377 (MCCCLXXVII) was a year in the 14th century. In Europe, the death of King Edward III of England led to the accession of his ten-year-old grandson, Richard II, inaugurating a period of minority rule and shifting the balance of royal authority in the English government. The year also saw ongoing tensions and military activity associated with the wider Hundred Years’ War between England and France, though no single campaign dominates the historical record of 1377 alone.

In the Catholic Church, Gregory XI moved the papal court from Avignon back to Rome in 1377, effectively ending the Avignon Papacy after more than half a century in exile. This relocation set the stage for renewed ecclesiastical and political strains that would contribute to the Western Schism after Gregory XI’s death in 1378, when rival papal claims emerged.

As a numeral, 1377 factors as 3^4 × 17. In Roman numerals, it is written as MCCCLXXVII. The number is odd and composite, reflecting its role in arithmetic and calendar calculations rather than any specific historical symbolism.

Overall, 1377 is characterized by dynastic transition in England and a major shift in the Catholic Church’s geography, together marking a transitional moment in the late 14th century.