1301

1301 is the year in the Anno Domini calendar that follows 1300 and precedes 1302. In the Julian calendar, it was a common year. The year falls in the late Middle Ages, a period marked by dynastic politics, evolving state power, and enduring exchanges across regions.

In mathematics, 1301 is a prime number. It can be expressed as the sum of two squares: 25^2 + 26^2. This aligns with the property that primes congruent to 1 modulo 4 can be written as a sum of two squares.

Historically, 1301 sits amid ongoing regional developments rather than a single globally defining event. In Europe, monarchies continued to consolidate authority, with England under Edward I and France under Philip IV pursuing stronger centralized power, alongside continued interaction and friction between secular rulers and the Papacy. The Papacy’s political position would soon enter sharper contention with secular authorities in the early 1300s. In the Iberian Peninsula, Christian and Muslim realms maintained a pattern of intermittent conflict and diplomacy typical of the Reconquista era. In the wider Eurasian world, Mongol successor states and neighboring powers managed shifting alliances and border politics, while in South Asia the Delhi Sultanate exercised regional influence. Cultural life continued to be shaped by scholasticism, and Gothic architecture and learning remained prominent features of medieval society.

Overall, 1301 is notable for its mathematical property as a prime and for its place within a dynamic era of medieval politics and culture, rather than for a single defining historical event.