Übertragungsmedien

Übertragungsmedien, also known as transmission media, are the physical pathways or means through which data is transmitted from one device to another in a communication system. They form the backbone of any network, enabling the flow of information. These media can be broadly categorized into two types: guided media and unguided media.

Guided media, also referred to as wired media, confine the data signals to a physical path. Common examples include twisted-pair cables, which are widely used in telephone lines and Ethernet networks, and coaxial cables, often employed for cable television and older network installations. Another significant guided medium is fiber-optic cable, which transmits data as pulses of light through thin strands of glass, offering very high bandwidth and long transmission distances.

Unguided media, also known as wireless media, transmit data through the air or space without a physical conductor. This category encompasses radio waves, used in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular communication, as well as microwaves, employed for long-distance communication and satellite links. Infrared waves are another form of unguided media, typically used for short-range communication like remote controls. The choice of Übertragungsmedium depends on factors such as the required bandwidth, transmission distance, cost, and environmental considerations.