ülekoormushäireid

Overload disorders, or ülekoormushäireid in Estonian, refer to a range of conditions arising from the body's inability to process or eliminate excess substances. These can be genetic or acquired and affect various physiological systems.

One common type involves metabolic disorders where the body cannot properly break down certain nutrients, leading to their accumulation. For instance, phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder where the body cannot break down phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many foods. If left untreated, high levels of phenylalanine can damage the brain. Another example is hemochromatosis, a disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron from the diet, leading to iron overload. This excess iron can damage organs like the liver, heart, and pancreas.

Overload disorders can also stem from environmental factors or certain medical treatments. For example, prolonged exposure to heavy metals like lead or mercury can cause toxic overload, leading to neurological and developmental problems. Similarly, some medications, when taken in excess or for extended periods, can lead to overload of certain substances, impacting organ function.

Symptoms of overload disorders vary widely depending on the specific condition and the substances involved. They can include fatigue, pain, organ damage, developmental delays, and neurological issues. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, urine tests, and imaging studies to measure the levels of specific substances in the body and assess organ function. Treatment strategies aim to reduce the buildup of the excess substance, manage symptoms, and prevent further organ damage. This can involve dietary changes, medication, phlebotomy (blood removal), or chelation therapy. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing long-term health consequences.