üksinda

üksinda is an Estonian adverb meaning "alone" or "by oneself." It is used to describe actions performed without others or carried out in solitary circumstances. In contemporary standard Estonian, the term is relatively rare, with more common expressions for the same idea including üksi. The form may appear in literary, historical, or some regional dialect contexts, and is generally considered archaic or dialectal in modern usage.

Historically and geographically,üksinda is found in older texts and in certain speech varieties where traditional forms linger. Because of its limited contemporary usage, many speakers would substitute üksi or rephrase the sentence to convey the same meaning. The precise etymology is not uniformly documented in common reference works, but it is often treated as a derivative formation connected to the core word üks (one) through a historical or regional suffix pattern.

Usage notes: As a stylistic alternative,üksinda can convey a formal or nostalgic tone and may appear in literature, poetry, or regional narratives. In everyday conversation, üksi is typically preferred for clarity and naturalness. When using üksinda in writing, consider the register and audience to ensure that the nuance fits the intended effect.

Examples: Ta töötas üksinda kogu öö. Ta läks koju üksinda pärast kontorit. See näitab, kuidas üksinda võib väljendada tegutsemist iseseisvalt ja ilma kaaslasteta.