öntöttvasakban

öntöttvasakban refers to a category of iron alloys known as cast irons. Cast iron is an iron-carbon alloy with a carbon content of greater than 2%. Other alloying elements are also present in varying amounts. The presence of carbon and silicon in cast iron results in a lower melting point and better fluidity than steel when molten. This makes cast iron a readily available material for casting in sand molds, a process known as iron casting. The properties of cast iron can be significantly altered by varying the composition and heat treatment. The high carbon content of cast iron is responsible for its characteristic brittleness, though this can be modified in certain types of cast iron.

There are several common types of cast iron, including gray cast iron, ductile iron (also known as nodular iron), white cast iron, malleable cast iron, and compacted graphite iron. Gray cast iron is the most widely used type, characterized by its graphite in the form of flakes, which gives it good machinability and vibration damping properties. Ductile iron, with its graphite in spherical nodules, offers higher strength and ductility compared to gray cast iron. White cast iron has its carbon in the form of iron carbide (cementite), making it very hard and brittle, often used for wear-resistant applications. Malleable cast iron is produced by heat-treating white cast iron to convert the cementite into graphite aggregates, resulting in improved ductility. Compacted graphite iron exhibits properties intermediate between gray and ductile iron. The choice of cast iron type depends heavily on the intended application and required mechanical properties.