închis

Închis is the Romanian adjective meaning closed or shut. It describes something that is not open or accessible, such as a door, a shop, a container, or a space. In everyday use, it is also applied to states or conditions, for example when a program, a file, or a venue is not available to the public.

Morphology and usage: The adjective agrees with the noun in gender and number. Common forms are masculine singular închis, feminine singular închisă, and plural forms închiși (masculine) and închise (feminine). It is derived from the verb a închide (to close), which in turn traces back to Latin roots such as includere or claudere, through the development of Romanian.

Contexts: Închis is widely used for physical closures—ușa este închisă (the door is closed), magazinul este închis (the shop is closed). It also appears on signs and notices, for example, "Programul este închis" or simply "Închis" on doors. In mathematics and logic, închis describes a closed set, as in mulțime închisă. The term contrasts with deschis (open).

Related terms: a închide (to close), închidere (the act of closing, closure), and deschis (open). Romanian speakers choose între închis și deschis to convey whether something is closed or open, with nuances depending on context and formality.