închise

Închise is the feminine plural past participle of the Romanian verb a închide, meaning “closed” or “shut.” It functions as a past participle and as an adjective, agreeing with the noun in gender and number.

In Romanian, the past participle of a închide has standard agreement: masculine singular închis, feminine singular închisă, masculine plural închiși, feminine plural închise. The form închise is used with feminine plural nouns or with definite noun phrases, as in ferestrele închise (the closed windows) or ușile închise (the closed doors).

Etymology: a închide derives from Latin claudere (to close). Through the evolution of Romanian, the verb and its participle developed into forms such as închide, închis, închisă, and the feminine plural închise.

Usage notes: închise appears frequently in everyday and written Romanian to describe objects that are closed. In compound tenses, the past participle agrees with the subject when used with a form of the auxiliary fi, for example, ferestrele au fost închise (the windows were closed). The related noun închidere denotes the act or result of closing.

See also: închidere (the act of closing), închis/închisă (closed), închidere (closing), închidere politică or context-specific uses depending on domain.