évitions

Évictions is the plural term for eviction in French-speaking legal contexts, describing the formal removal of a tenant or occupant from a property through a court-ordered process. Evictions arise when a landlord seeks to recover possession of rented premises for reasons such as non-payment of rent, violation of lease terms, or the expiration of a lease without renewal. They can also occur after a sale of the property or a termination of a business tenancy, depending on the jurisdiction’s rules.

The process generally combines notice requirements with judicial action. A landlord typically must issue a formal notice detailing the breach or non-renewal and, if needed, provide time to remedy the situation. If the tenant does not comply, the landlord files a claim in the competent court. A judge may issue an eviction order, sometimes after a hearing, specifying when the occupant must vacate. Enforcement of the eviction is carried out by a bailiff (huissier de justice) and may involve police assistance if necessary. Throughout the procedure, tenants have the right to legal defenses, remedies, and, in some cases, postponements or alternative arrangements.

Protections and policy considerations vary by country and region but commonly include temporary protections for vulnerable tenants, options for payment plans or relocation assistance, and, in certain periods, moratoriums or expedited review to prevent homelessness. Evictions are a central concern in housing policy, balancing property rights with tenants’ housing security and social stability.

See also: eviction, tenant rights, housing policy, rental law.