Ühendmaterjal

Ühendmaterjal, often translated as composite material, is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties. When combined, the constituent materials remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or microscopic level within the finished structure. The goal of combining these materials is to create a new material with characteristics that are more desirable than those of the individual components.

The individual components of a composite material consist of a matrix and a reinforcement. The matrix is typically a continuous material that surrounds and binds the reinforcement. It can be a polymer, metal, or ceramic. The reinforcement provides strength and stiffness to the composite. Common reinforcements include fibers (such as glass, carbon, or aramid), particles, or flakes.

Composites offer a wide range of advantages, including high strength-to-weight ratios, excellent corrosion resistance, and design flexibility. These properties make them suitable for numerous applications across various industries. For example, in aerospace, composites are used for aircraft structures due to their lightweight and high strength. In the automotive industry, they contribute to fuel efficiency and safety. They are also found in sporting goods, construction, and marine applications. The performance of a composite material is highly dependent on the properties of its constituent materials, their interface, and the manufacturing process.