zwart

Zwart is the Dutch word for the color black. In physics and visual perception, black is the appearance of an object that absorbs most of the visible light and reflects very little. In color models, black is the absence of light in additive systems; in subtractive systems, it is produced by pigments that absorb light, such as carbon black. In everyday Dutch, zwart describes the color of objects and clothing, and it appears in common expressions and compound terms, such as zwart-wit (black and white) and zwarte kleding (black clothing).

Etymology: The term originates from Old Dutch swart, from Proto-Germanic *swartaz. It is cognate with German schwarz and related forms in other Germanic languages. The modern spelling 'zwart' reflects a later phonetic development in Dutch orthography and pronunciation.

Cultural and symbolic usage: In Western cultures, zwart often signals mourning, formality, or elegance; in design it provides contrast and depth. In heraldry, black is traditionally called sable. In Dutch language use, zwart appears in many idioms and compounds, underscoring its prominence in everyday life.