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XML, or eXtensible Markup Language, is a markup language designed to store and transport data. It is focused on structure and semantics rather than presentation, making it suitable for data interchange between diverse systems. XML is a simplified markup language based on SGML and emphasizes self-describing documents that can be read by humans and processed by machines.

An XML document consists of elements, tags, attributes, and text. It must be well-formed: there is a

XML documents can be validated or constrained using schemas and DTDs. Validation ensures the document adheres

XML is widely used for data interchange, configuration files, and as the foundation for many document formats

Example:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<note>

<to>Alice</to>

<from>Bob</from>

<heading>Reminder</heading>

<body>Meet at 3 PM</body>

</note>

single
root
element,
elements
are
properly
nested,
start
and
end
tags
match,
names
are
case
sensitive,
and
attribute
values
are
quoted.
Text
in
elements
may
be
mixed
with
child
elements.
XML
uses
Unicode
encoding,
with
UTF-8
being
common.
Namespaces
provide
a
way
to
avoid
name
collisions
by
qualifying
element
and
attribute
names
with
a
URI.
to
a
defined
structure
and
data
types.
Common
technologies
include
DTDs
(document
type
definitions),
XML
Schema
(XSD),
and
RELAX
NG.
Processing
models
such
as
the
Document
Object
Model
(DOM),
Simple
API
for
XML
(SAX),
and
Streaming
API
for
XML
(StAX)
enable
programmatic
access,
navigation,
and
streaming
processing.
and
web
technologies.
Formats
built
on
XML
include
RSS
and
Atom
feeds,
SVG
graphics,
XHTML,
and
office
formats
like
OpenDocument
and
Office
Open
XML.
While
XML
is
verbose,
it
remains
a
versatile
framework
for
representing
structured
information
and
metadata.