wilfully

Wilfully is an adverb that describes an action done intentionally and deliberately, often with a disregard for consequences or for what is right or reasonable. It implies a conscious choice to act in a particular way, even if that way might be considered stubborn, obstinate, or even malicious. The term carries a sense of personal volition and agency, suggesting that the individual acted of their own accord and not under duress or by accident.

In legal contexts, the term "wilfully" is frequently used to distinguish between accidental harm and intentional wrongdoing. An act that is done wilfully suggests a higher degree of culpability than an act that is merely negligent. For instance, wilful damage to property is treated more seriously than accidental damage. Similarly, in criminal law, wilful intent can be a key element in proving certain offenses.

The connotation of "wilfully" can vary depending on the context. While it can imply a negative or defiant attitude, as in "wilfully ignoring advice," it can also simply denote a firm and deliberate resolve, as in "wilfully pursuing a difficult goal." The core meaning remains the same: an action undertaken with full awareness and conscious intention. It is the opposite of acting by mistake, accident, or compulsion.