vázizomzat

Vázizomzat, often translated as the musculoskeletal system, is the organ system that provides form, support, and mobility to the body. It comprises two interrelated subsystems: the skeleton, including bones, joints, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons; and the muscular system, made up of skeletal muscles and their connective tissues. Additional structures such as fascia, bursae, and intermuscular tissue stabilize and coordinate movement.

The skeleton supports the body, protects internal organs, stores minerals (notably calcium and phosphorus), and houses bone marrow, which produces blood cells. Joints enable mobility and act as shock absorbers, while cartilage reduces friction between moving surfaces. The muscular system generates force for movement by contracting skeletal muscles, which attach to bones via tendons. Muscles work in coordinated groups under nervous system control, and tendons transmit muscular force to the skeleton. Blood supply and nerves sustain muscle metabolism and proprioception.

Muscle fibers vary in type and are organized into motor units that respond to neural signals. Contraction relies on the sliding filament mechanism and energy from ATP, with aerobic and anaerobic pathways supporting different activity levels. The system adapts to physical activity through hypertrophy and changes in strength, while bones remodel in response to mechanical loads.

Development and aging affect the vázizomzat. Growth, puberty, and physical activity shape its development; aging can lead to reduced muscle mass (sarcopenia) and decreased bone density (osteoporosis). Common conditions include fractures, osteoarthritis, tendinopathies, and muscular dystrophies, all of which can impact movement and stability.